chargeback reason code 37. Chargeback Reason Codes Fraud – Card-Not-Present (CNP) Network Reason Code Bank Initiation Timeframe Accel 81 120 calendar days from transaction processing date American Express FR2, F14, F24, F29 120 calendar days from transaction processing date Discover 4752 AA, 7030 UA02 Within 30 calendar days from the close date of the TRR Chargeback reason codes identify the general reason behind a chargeback. chargeback reason code 37

 
 Chargeback Reason Codes Fraud – Card-Not-Present (CNP) Network Reason Code Bank Initiation Timeframe Accel 81 120 calendar days from transaction processing date American Express FR2, F14, F24, F29 120 calendar days from transaction processing date Discover 4752 AA, 7030 UA02 Within 30 calendar days from the close date of the TRR Chargeback reason codes identify the general reason behind a chargebackchargeback reason code 37  However, Visa is the largest card brand in both the United States and the world

Visa reason code 53 is used for Chargeback for Defective/Not as Described, and reason code 85 is used for Credit Not Processed. A reason code is how banks categorize the reason for a chargeback. The customer regrets their purchase. Paymentology will submit the chargeback using the appropriate chargeback reason code. Most acquiring banks put a timeframe on when customers can initiate a chargeback for a purchase. Each card network has their own set of chargeback policies and reason codes, and they frequently change them. Visa chargeback reason code 85 falls under the “Consumer Disputes” category. . The Time Frame charts in this guide indicate the reason codes, allowable time frames for chargeback processing and type of chargeback. Use pre-sale fraud detection service providers that can help verify the cardholder’s identity, detect potential criminal activity, and reduce the risk of accepting unauthorized transaction. You can attempt to work with the customer on a resolution and potentially have the chargeback reversed. Ready to Start Preventing. There are also specific return time frames, which can differ. The most comprehensive guide to chargeback reason codes. Please refer to chapter 5 for. What is the chargeback representment process? When faced with a chargeback representment, you should take these steps. See more10/21/14 Updated Chargeback Time Frames: Added Reason Code 05; Addendum Reason Code PM; Changed TF time frame from 120 days to 540 days. A chargeback happens when a customer requests for a transaction to be reversed. 1 and Note on page 14 Chapters 1 and 2 Chapter 1 1. A transaction modifier (or modifier) represents specific circumstances associated with a card sale that change what compelling evidence is required to overturn the chargeback. What is Visa chargeback reason code 12. Under Visa Claims Resolution, the Visa dispute process is split into two different tracks, each with its own requirements. Visa chargeback reason code 75 is filed as an honest mistake. Cause. For Visa disputes, the reason code also dictates which workflow the case will take. 4 Updated Discover chapter for April (2012) Enhancements Chapter 2 1. To help merchants understand the underlying issue of each chargeback, American Express has created specific chargeback reason codes to help business owners interpret chargebacks. Chargeback Reason Codes: List & Tips for Merchants REASON CODE CATEGORIES Fraud 10. Retrieval Request/ Copy request Reason Codes. Step 1: The cardholder disputes a charge. 1 chargeback: 1. ACH return codes are a type of shorthand for specific information concerning the return, much like the card decline codes or dispute reason codes used by credit card networks. Card networks send these codes to merchants to indicate why a chargeback. Knowing these codes can help you dispute chargebacks more effectively. compliance process depending on whether a chargeback right exists. This second chargeback is what was commonly referred to as a “pre-arbitration chargeback. Therefore, the issuer may submit a chargeback for a Payment Transaction using the message reason code 4842 before the 30-calendar day presentment time frame normally required for this message reason code. Shopify has four status categories for chargebacks and inquiries: Open: No response has been sent yet and evidence can still be added. This chargeback will include a description that provides additional information: Digital Goods $25 or Less. 4853 – Cardholder Dispute – Credit Posted as a Purchase. ”. Mastercard. Merchants who receive a chargeback for a transaction placed with an American Express card may encounter reason code F29, which indicates an unauthorized transaction that the cardholder does not believe they should be responsible for paying. These chargebacks occur to resolve chargeback-related disputes between network members. 6 General update and rebranding. Code Reason; 01: Requested Transaction Data Not Received: 02: Requested. 4, MasterCard 4837, AMEX F29, Discover UA02, and so on). 2. ; Resources. Chargeback fees can start at US$25 and go up from there. About Us; Careers We're hiring! In The Press; Latest News; Events; Corporate Responsibility; Brand Resources; Contact Us. 1. Dec 6, 2021 — Betty's bank issued the chargeback for $9. Nevertheless, you must respond to the chargeback based on the given code. 1Braintree Support Articles. The claim often, but not always, involves automated teller machines (ATMs). 11, 16. As with claims, the transaction ID, invoice ID, buyer name and email, transaction amount and date, and reason for dispute are all listed. API status is evidence_required and chargeback code is ADJM. If you receive a chargeback under Reason Code 85, you will need to provide evidence that the credit was processed in order to dispute the chargeback. Friendly fraud. This gives them more of an incentive to keep their customers happy, which means they usually side with cardholders during a dispute. Codes are not often shared between issuers which means it can be difficult to remember the details of each. Chargeback time frames - A specific period of time during which a chargeback can be raised. mastercard dispute form. The good news is that most of these invalid claims are disputable by the merchant. F01. This code applies when a transaction was processed without acquiring authorization…but the card used in the transaction was listed in the Visa Card Recovery Bulletin (CRB). REQUEST A DEMO. The network hasn't wholly disallowed some old codes. F02. 1=1010, 10. In most cases, you will have 20-45 days in which to respond to a chargeback. The separation of the Return Reason Cardholder Disputes. Last updated: October 15, 2019 . reason_description: string. Your first step is to identify the chargeback reason code, which is a kind of shorthand that indicates why the transaction is being disputed. The first thing you should learn is to identify the chargeback reason code, which is a kind of shorthand that indicates why the transaction is being disputed. Your business may not have to handle all chargeback cases — the processor will provide automatic representation in some. The issuing bank will then pass on the chargeback to the merchant. Chargeback Reason Codes The Visa chargeback reason codes system underwent a major overhaul in April 2018 as part of their new Visa Claims Resolution (VCR) initiative. 5 Removed unused Visa (60) and Discover (4580) Chargeback Codes Added Section 1. 8 Added American Express chargeback information Chapter 3 1. 9), the acquirer has 24 days to respond to the dispute • For MasterCard, the acquirer has 45 days to respond to the dispute The Visa chargeback reason codes system underwent a major overhaul in April 2018 as part of their new Visa Claims Resolution (VCR) initiative. Try Shopify free for 3 days, no credit card required. First Chargeback failed: Reason Code 4837 not allowed under “issuer auths, they own” chargeback rules: 100001: 400:. Consider Deadlines. 7? Visa chargeback reason code 12. Either the acquiring or issuing bank could initiate the chargeback. The chargeback period, or the time limit for filing a chargeback, depends on the card scheme and the chargeback reason code. 2 – EMV Liability Shift Non-Counterfeit Fraud 10. 195 Acquirer Use of Message Reason Code 7627-No MAC Provided. 99. American Express is incentivized to keep their customers happy. This reason code indicates the cardholder had reason to believe they were going to receive a refund, but no credit to their account has been processed. 10/21/14 Updated Chargeback Time Frames: Added Reason Code 05; Addendum Reason Code PM; Changed TF time frame from 120 days to 540 days. The existing 22 chargeback reason codes will be replaced by new reason codes and grouped into 4 categories: 1. In either case, the merchant (the business) is still responsible and must address the chargeback claim. Understanding these codes is essential because they'll guide your response strategy. Reason Code 04. Click below to request a free demonstration, and we’ll create a customized report showing exactly how much ROI you can expect. 41. These reason codes indicate disputes that occur as a result of inaction or wrong action on either party’s part (merchant or cardholder). . Services industry for image exchange and the creation of IRDs. In these situations, a merchant’s billing descriptor is simply not recognized by the customer. M01 Chargeback Authorization. High Level Visa Chargeback Dispute Flow. From there, the merchant can look up the code to figure out what the dispute is about. Then they instruct the merchant’s acquiring bank to reverse the transaction and withdraw the funds from the merchant account. CNP transactions are incredibly varied; with customers purchasing everything from. VCR Dispute Reason Code 10. STEP #7: Bank Review & Decisioning. American Express chargeback reason code C42. Reason Code North-America: Canada and United States of America; Reason Code: All other countries; Fraud. The reason_description field lists the chargeback reason. You can attempt to work with the customer on a resolution and potentially have the chargeback reversed. The MasterCard SecureCode program offers protection by guaranteeing payment and blocking chargebacks for reason code 37 for those transactions that have been authenticated (cardholder enters their PIN) only. Reason code 98 was a code used for pre-compliance chargebacks before the implementation of the Visa Dispute Resolution system. 0. The case is now closed. 2=1020 etc. 11, 16. Accessed October 31, 2022. Specify the invoice date and net due date to assign to chargebacks. Terms and conditions. ” This code indicates the merchant waited too long to finish processing a transaction, and the account was no longer in good standing when the transaction was completed. The shorthand description is “Goods/Services Not as Described. Despite all the rules and guidelines, the outcomes of the chargeback process can be, at times, subjective, and can vary based on the scenario, merchant payment. The codes for each card brand are listed below along with the recommended documentation to provide. Consider using all the tools available to you—including Visa Secure, card security code (CVV2), and Address Verification Service (AVS). 42. 03 = post dated. 8 Added American Express chargeback information Chapter 3 1. When a customer who's enrolled with 3-D Secure from their bank initiates a purchase, the tool will deploy during the checkout. UA01 Fraud – Card Present Transaction. 3 –. This can include. Protect cardholder data. While the reason code may not reflect the true reason for the chargeback, you must respond to the chargeback based on the code provided. Chargeback Reason Codes Page 2 of 5. There are two parts to this. Code Reason; 01: Requested Transaction Data Not Received: 02: Requested item illegible: 07: Warning Bulletin File: 08: Requested/Required Authorization Not Obtained: 12: Account Number Not on File: 31: Transaction Amount Differs: 34: Duplicate Processing: 35: Card Not Valid or Expired: 37: No Cardholder Authorization: 40: Fraudulent Processing. Cardholders can dispute digital goods transactions of $25 or less (or the equivalent in local currency) if certain purchase controls were not put. Set Up Custom Reason Codes; Update Order Status; Payment Currency Types;. Common Point of Purchase: Data stolen from a merchant’s system is used to make fraudulent transactions. If the CID doesn’t match, merchants generally prompt the Card Member to re-enter it. Submitted: The response has been sent and the issuer is. 1 and Note on page 14 Chapters 1 and 2 Chapter 1 Only chargebacks with the following reason codes are eligible for Chargeback Protection: Reason Code. 100187 and ANSI X9. UnionPay is a payment method available worldwide, but very popular in APAC countries. Common Point of Purchase: Data stolen from a merchant’s system is used to make fraudulent transactions. API status is evidence_required and chargeback code is ADJM. The list of chargeback reason codes in this article. At this point, funds are not yet deducted from your account, but a NoC always indicates that your account will be debited for the chargeback amount. 17: NoF Scheme CodeClick “filter orders”. The following reason codes require compelling evidence: Fraudulent transaction (83) Fraud/card absent environment (1040) Merchandise/services not received (1310) No cardholder authorization. Based on the information provided, Paymentology will investigate the transaction being disputed. Chargeback reason code 13. 3. The shorthand description is “Late Presentment. It is associated with a chargeback reason code, and it is specific per Card Scheme. This cannot change once the value is set. In that case,. What is Visa Reason Code 11. 7: Defective goods and services: C32: RM: 13. 1? Visa chargeback reason code 12. As things currently stand, when an issuer believes that their initial chargeback was valid and the evidence submitted with the second presentment. 4: Fraud—Card-Absent Environment. 3. Chargeback reason codes will usually provide specific information about what kind of evidence is needed to get the chargeback reversed. Reason code 4853 falls under the broad category “Cardholder Dispute,” meaning the cardholder is saying something about the transaction is wrong. Pursuant to the Fair Credit Billing Act of 1974, cardholders have the right to dispute unauthorized or erroneous charges, and issuing banks must reverse a disputed transaction if the cardholder’s claim is valid. F24. Learn about the different chargeback reason codes and what they mean. 634. This code applies when valid authorization for a transaction was required but not obtained, and the merchant processed the transaction anyway. Chargebacks from all three categories can show . Chargeback companies can assist merchants in navigating these processes, and work with them to develop a comprehensive chargeback prevention strategy. In some cases, errors can be resolved and reversed, but there is no equivalent to chargeback representment when it comes to ACH. The length and structure of Reason Codes changed from a current two-digit code to four to six digits that contains decimal(s) point(s). 4854 Cardholder Dispute—Not Elsewhere Classified (U. 3 falls under the “Authorization” category. Overall returns (all codes): 15%. F01. Next, the issuer passes along all information about the dispute, including the chargeback reason code, to the card network. In 2020, MasterCard revised their chargeback rules and eliminated the “second chargeback” step. An issuer can initiate a first chargeback when the circumstances of the transaction meet the requirement of a chargeback reason code described in the Chargeback Guide. The aim of CE 3. The client will send this dispute to Paymentology’s Global support team via email – support@paymentology. Pursuant to the Fair Credit Billing Act of 1974, cardholders have the right to dispute unauthorized or erroneous charges, and issuing banks must reverse a disputed transaction if the cardholder’s claim. In simple terms, Mastercard Chargeback Reason Code 4859 — No Show/Addendum/ATM Dispute refers to situations where a customer claims the services purchased from a merchant were not fulfilled. According to Nuapay, UK businesses saw payment decline rates increase by an average of 37% following the enforcement of SCA rules. Visa chargebacks can be a major inconvenience for merchants. Include any terms relevant to the transaction, including return, cancellation and. The new codes, which can be found in our reason code guide, start with a two-digit number indicating which of Visa's four dispute categories it falls into: 10 — Fraud; 11 — Authorization; 12 — Processing Errors; 13 — Consumer Disputes; The Visa Claims. Most dispute reason codes that. Each chargeback has a chargeback reason code assigned to it, which is a two-digit number that corresponds to the reason the customer is disputing the charge. 3 is part of an updated and expanded revision of the legacy codes that indicated fraud, codes which were phased out under the Visa Claims Resolution initiative. Once you know why a chargeback happened, you can start building a case to address the claims that were made. 4841 Canceled Recurring or Digital Goods Transactions. The first is true fraud, where someone used stolen credit card or account information to make a purchase. Reason Code. Let’s say you got a Visa chargeback with reason code 13. A few other common reason codes for Visa include late presentment; non-receipt of cash from ATM; invalid data; EMV liability shift non-counterfeit fraud; no authorization; canceled merchandise and fraud related to stolen cards on the card recovery bulletin. 4% decrease: Algeria: 3. Vendors that do not have a well-drafted shipping and order fulfillment policy are susceptible to this category of Shopify chargebacks. The actual underlying cause of this chargeback is. 1003 - Transaction Supporting Document (TSD) needed. About American Express chargeback reason codes. A chargeback can happen when a customer initiates a transaction dispute. Recurring billing transactions are a frequent source of conflict, disputes, and. What are chargeback reason codes? Mike Conway 2021-03-04T20:56:54+00:00. 7 Updated format All 1. Accepting non-matching How many chargeback reason codes are there? Among the four major credit card networks, there are a total of 151 reason codes. FR4 Immediate Chargeback Program. We will assign the chargeback to you for review in the Disputes tab of the Customer Area. Several reason codes fall under this heading, and it is important to differentiate between chargebacks with reason code 4870 (Chip Liability Shift) from those with reason code 4871 (Chip Liability Shift Lost/Stolen/Never. Chargeback reason code 4853: Cardholder Dispute applies to situations in which a customer feels they have been cheated or misled. In addition to Reason Codes changing as a result of the VCR program, each Reason Code is now associated with a new Reason Category. 1 falls under the “Processing Errors” category. If a customer makes a chargeback request on the basis that he or she has not authorised the transaction, the customer's bank will charge the transaction back to the merchant’s bank. F02. The issuer reviews the case, assigns a reason code, and initiates the chargeback. All ACH return reason codes consist of the letter “R” followed by two. Analyze your chargeback data. reason codes. Compile Relevant Evidence: Review the documentation you've gathered and select the pieces of evidence that directly counter the cardholder's claim. A chargeback occurs when a customer disputes a charge from your business on their credit or debit card. Chargebacks are a standard part of doing business, especially if you accept payments online. 2? Visa chargeback reason code 12. What is Mastercard chargeback reason code 4837, no cardholder authorization, and how can you win it? Don’t waste time defending chargebacks, make your company more profitable by preventing them. 1, which covers duplicate processing errors, and 12. 2: Cancelled recurring transaction: VCR Dispute Reason Code 13. Each chargeback has a chargeback reason code assigned to it, which is a two-digit number that corresponds to the reason the customer is disputing the charge. If you win the case, the disputed amount will be returned to you; if you lose or accept the. Documentation must be a direct result of cardholder communication. When a fraudster places a transaction using stolen payment credentials, it may result in a true fraud chargeback under this reason code. A smarter, simpler way to stop fraud. Values are: Blank: Use the receipt G/L date. Cancelled Recurring. 1 Different workflows Disputes will be routed in two different workflows, called Allocation and Collaboration. It could apply for merchandise or services being different than described, or disputes involving counterfeit goods (just to name a few examples). This chargeback reason code can be avoided by ensuring that returns are processed promptly and accurately, and that the customer is informed of any credits issued. The post below contains legacy information pertaining to the formerly-common Visa chargeback reason code 75. Administrative returns (R02, R03, R04): 3%. Through 2021, we. The following are some examples: Visa Reason Code 13. Reason code 37 is not allowed for AFD transactions with CAT Level 2. Reason Code 03. What is Mastercard chargeback reason code 4837, no cardholder authorization, and how can you win it? Don’t waste time defending chargebacks, make your company more profitable by preventing them. CNP attacks accounted for roughly 40% of all criminal fraud instances in the US. a chargeback or a debit. With the implementation of Visa Claims Resolution, reason code 98 eventually became obsolete. This reason code is assigned to consumers wishing to file a chargeback for defective product. 4. Valid Chargeback Codes June 21, 2023 19:49; Updated; Legacy and Standard Chargeback Codes. For example, the dispute reason “Cardholder Does Not Recognize” is denoted under the Discover reason codes system as “AA. For card-absent transactions, use all Visa tools, including AVS, CVV2, Visa Secure, and more, to reduce instances of fraud. For educational purposes, here is an overview of the general chargeback process with most major processors: Step 1: A purchase occurs – All chargebacks start with a customer making a purchase, either in-person, in-app or online. The shorthand description is “Invalid Data. WEX has repurposed chargeback reason code 10 to indicate EMV chargebacks. Product/service not received. Summary of Changes, 20 November 2017 This document reflects changes made since the last publication. This code applies when either the transaction was processed using an incorrect account number, or the transaction itself was not authorized. . 1. It’s important to look up the code to understand why a transaction, good, or service was disputed in order to properly present a solid case to win the chargeback. Braintree Support Articles. With the right compelling evidence,. In both instances if the Merchant wishes to withdraw from an arbitration case, Visa will charge the amount of 500. Select the value “open”. For example, 10. Here are some chargeback reason codes by card type. Only an issuer can initiate the chargeback process. Chargeback ". In this scam, a scammer sends a message to their victim. The codes also appear on financial reporting associated with disputes. Therefore, the issuer may submit a chargeback for a Payment Transaction using the message reason code 4842 before the 30-calendar day presentment time frame normally required for this message reason code. FR2 Fraud Full Recourse Program. 37 = forged and counterfeit warranty breach. Everyone from processors and card brands to local and federal governments has rules about how payments should be handled. Unauthorized returns (R05, R07, R10, R29, R51): 0. What is Visa chargeback reason code 12. Mastercard issuing banks will no longer be able to bundle more than one transaction into a single dispute case. So, if a customer files an Amex chargeback, the company has good reason to side with their customer over the merchant. Reason Code. 3? Chargeback reason code 13. Status Details: We have reviewed the case. 5 Removed unused Visa (60) and Discover (4580) Chargeback Codes Added Section 1. Reason codes differ by card brand (Visa, Mastercard); a complete list can be found here. Lucia to 135 XCD • Increasing the CVM Limits in Sint Maarten (Dutch Part) to 90 ANGHere is an overview of how the general chargeback process works with most major processors (we’ll get into how Square does it down below) Step 1: A purchase occurs. . • Chargeback Reason Code – Each chargeback contains a reason code that signifies the reason for the dispute and the rules that must be followed by the issuer and the merchant in order to resolve the dispute. Card networks send these codes to merchants to indicate why a chargeback has been filed. A chargeback reason code is a 2-to-4-digit alphanumeric code provided by the issuing bank involved in a chargeback, which is meant to identify the reason for the dispute. com. Not recognizing your billing descriptor on a statement. 1: goods not received. 6 Processing Transactions 7 Processing Transactions Swiping a Card Before swiping, make sure the stripe is facing the reader. Reason Code 37 not allowed when merchant supports UCAF: 100007: 400* INVALID_REQUEST: Reason code 37 is not allowed for AFD transactions with CAT Level 2. Now, 10. 4. Unauthorized returns (R05, R07, R10, R29, R51): 0. The ECI value tells you what to do next in a 3DS transaction — proceed, reject the purchase, or try again. M49 Vehicle Rental – Theft or Loss of Use. Time limits vary by card network and reason code, though, so you should look into the specific terms tied to the reason code. However, you’re not alone; they create headaches for many players within the Mastercard ecosystem. 0 is to make the chargeback process more efficient, transparent, and fair. All chargebacks start with a customer making a purchase in person, in an app, or online. Each code corresponds to an issue or problem. Chapter 2 1. 3. 6. If you get a chargeback,. These codes are broken down into five different category types: Fraud codes What follows is a quick reference guide for all the current reason codes for each of the four major credit card networks: Visa, Mastercard, American Express, and Discover. They can also be caused by a merchant failing to process a cancellation promptly. RR - Retrieval Request MID - Merchant Identification number PA - Pre-arbitrations NOTE: PayPal often cites reason codes from cardMastercard chargeback reason code 4853 falls under the “Cardholder Disputes” category. Mastercard issuers use merchant advice codes to respond to authorization requests, and as a communication tool with merchants regarding a cardholder's account. The shorthand description is “No Authorization. The chargeback transfers funds from the acquirer to the issuer. UA06 Fraud – Chip and PIN Transaction. Chargeback reason codes are one piece of evidence you can use to make your case. Visa requires processors and banks use to this system for multiple tasks, including challenging initial chargeback results. Across open networks and include account numbers sent over email, instant messaging, text, or chat. 6. The shorthand description is “Incorrect Transaction Code. About American Express chargeback reason codes. But don't worry – we're here to help! Here are some important terms to keep in mind: : A claim against a charge, initiated by a customer with their bank. 2. Chargeback time frames - A specific period during which a chargeback can be raised. 37 No Cardholder Authorization 40 Fraudulent Processing of Transactions. . 0 rule changes take effect April 15,. These chargebacks occur to resolve chargeback-related disputes between network members. Reason code 4842 (Late Presentment) was retired. Additionally, one clearing transaction. Download this sample Chargeback Rebuttal Letter. The reason code specifies why the chargeback was initiated. Below is a full list of reason codes that require compelling evidence: 37; 83; 1040; 1310; 7030; C08; F29; UA02; Empty reason codes; If a dispute has any other reason code, there are no specific evidence requirements, and the evidence does not need to be categorized. ”. The bank files that disagreement on the cardholder’s behalf, overturning the sale, then claws the funds back from the merchant and. Each of the major card brands, including Visa, Mastercard, and others, have their own system of reason codes. 4 Other Fraud Card Absent. Technical. 00. With the chargeback code in hand, the merchant can now review the transaction. One of three things will happen: The issuer rules in your favor: Your representment case validates the original transaction. 4 Updated Discover chapter for April (2012) Enhancements Chapter 2 1. Then they instruct the merchant’s acquiring bank to reverse the transaction and withdraw the funds from the merchant account. That said, looking up purchases using this number can make it easier to provide info following an. They usually have up to 120 days after purchase to dispute a charge, though some card schemes allow up to 365 days. Whether the CID — the four-digit security code on the front of the Card — matches the issuer’s records. Any chargeback that is received without a reason code will be assigned a default code of 53. The chargeback applies to the following scenarios: The. Visa ® has launched the CE 3. The merchandise was as described or was not defective. Get Form. 10. This reason code is used when a cardholder is claiming that a merchant has processed multiple unauthorized transactions against their Visa card. What is Visa chargeback reason code 13. We want to clarify: this doesn’t imply that a transaction ID can reliably prevent chargebacks and fraud. Mastercard Chargeback Reason Code 71: Disputed Amount. 02 =altered/fictitious item. Understanding these codes can help merchants understand why chargebacks are being filed and how to prevent them in the future. Documentation must be a direct result of cardholder communication.